Purkinje cells are a type of neuron located specifically in the cerebellum, which is a part of the brain responsible for coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and motor learning. These cells are characterized by their large size and unique dendritic structure, which resembles a tree. They receive inputs from various sources, including the cerebellar cortex and other parts of the nervous system, and play a vital role in processing information related to movement and coordination. While they are found in the cerebellum, they are not present in the cerebrum, gray matter, or white matter in the same capacity.